车用声学材料隔声性能测试方法研究

The Research on Test Method of Sound Insulation Performance for Acoustic Materials of Vehicles

混响室-消声室法是衡量声学隔声性能的重要方法,但声学实验室造价昂贵,且移动不便,所以可移动式的小型声学实验室的研发以及其测试能力的验证是非常必要的。本文使用混响室-消声室法与基于混响室-消声室原理设计的的Alpha舱法分别测试汽车地毯总成样件插入损失,并通过SEA法仿真计算该样件的插入损失,对这三种结果进行对比分析。结果表明,Alpha舱法测试结果与仿真结果更为接近,在800-4000Hz的中高频段内能较准确反映材料的隔声性能。结论可为相关企业选择检测材料声学性能的方法提供参考。

The reverberation chamber-anechoic chamber method is an important method to measure the acoustic insulation performance. However, the acoustic laboratory is expensive and inconvenient to move, so the development of a portable small acoustic laboratory and the verification of its testing capability are indispensable. In this paper, the reverberation chamber-anechoic chamber method and the Alpha cabin method which based on the principle of reverberation chamber-anechoic chamber are used to test the insertion loss of car carpet assembly sample respectively, and the insertion loss of sample was simulated by SEA method, then above three results had been constrasted and analyzed. The results showed that the test result of Alpha cabin was closer to the simulation result, and the sound insulation performance of the material can be accurately reflected in the medium-high frequency range of 800-4000 Hz. The conclusion can provide reference for the relevant enterprises to choose the method to detect the acoustic properties of materials.