社区慢性病患者用药安全现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Current Situation and Influencing Factors in Medication Safety in Community Patients with Chronic Diseases

目的:调查社区慢性病患者用药安全情况及影响因素,为提高慢性病患者用药安全性,合理用药提供依据。方法:采用自行设计的调查问卷,2017年5~8月对大屯社区29~90岁404例慢性病患者进行了用药安全知识和行为方面的问卷调查。结果:被调查的404例患者中,298例(73.76%)为老年人,患病例数前3位的慢性病是高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常,服用4种以上药物患者达56.19%。用药安全知识知晓率为60.11%,其显著影响因素为年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况和服药种类(P<0.05或P<0.01),高龄、文化程度低、离异/丧偶以及服药种类多的患者用药安全知识知晓程度较低。用药安全行为正确率为70.87%,其显著影响因素为性别、文化程度和婚姻状况(P<0.01),女性、文化程度低以及离异/丧偶的人群用药安全行为正确率较低。Logistic回归分析显示,婚姻状况和服药种类是用药安全知识的独立危险因素;文化程度和婚姻状况是用药安全行为的独立危险因素。结论:大屯社区慢性病患者用药安全知识知晓水平较低,用药安全行为有待进一步提高,建议制定有针对性的健康教育干预方案,更好地保障慢性病患者的用药安全。

Objective: To investigate the medication safety of patients with chronic diseases in community and its influencing factors,so as to provide basis for improving the medication safety and rational drug use in patients with chronic diseases. Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the knowledge and behavior of drug safety in 404 patients with chronic diseases aged29-90 years in Datun community from May to August 2017. Results: Among the surveyed 404 patients,298( 73. 76%) ones were elderly people,the top three chronic diseases were hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia,and 56. 19% of patients were taking more than four drugs. The rate of medication safety knowledge was 60. 11%,and the significant influencing factors were age,education level,marital status and medicine type( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). The patients with advanced age,low education,divorce/bereavement or various types of medications were less aware of drug safety. The correct rate of medication safety behavior was 70. 87%,and the significant influencing factors were gender,education and marital status( P < 0. 01). Women,less education,divorced or widowed were less likely to be correct. Logistic regression analysis showed that marital status and the types of medicines were independent risk factors in medication safety knowledge. Education level and marital status were independent risk factors in medication safety behavior. Conclusion: In Datun community,patients with chronic diseases have a low level of knowledge about medication safety,and medication safety behavior needs to be further improved. It is suggested to develop targeted health education intervention program to better protect medication safety of patients with chronic diseases.