城市公交大站快车与全程车联合调度方法

Joint Scheduling Between Limited-stop and All-stop Bus Services in Urban Public Transport

大站快车以其运营效率高、准时性好、速度快等优点受到交通学者的广泛关注.本文在考虑客流时空分布特性和公交车额定载客能力的基础上,提出基于断面最大客流量的发车频率计算方法;运用逆差函数理论,考虑多时段、场站平衡等因素,以总体车队规模最小为目标,通过小幅度调整发车时刻,提出大站快车与全程车之间车次相互借调的联合调度方法;最后将该方法应用于某开行大站快车的公交线路,与均匀发车和发车时刻调整的两种独立调度模式进行了对比.结果表明,联合调度方法能够进一步缩减总体车队规模,为公交企业节约了运营成本.

Limited-stop bus service has attracted wide attention of traffic scholars, because of its high operational efficiency, good punctuality and high speed. Based on the space-time distribution characteristics of passenger flow and the rated passenger capacity of buses, this paper proposes a method for determining the frequency of the maximum passenger flow at the sections. Considering multiperiod and balance at stations, joint scheduling between limited-stop and all-stop bus services is proposed based on deficit function to minimize the total fleet size by adjusting the departure time slightly. This method is applied to a bus line supporting for limited- stop bus service. Comparing with two independent dispatching modes of uniform departure and departure time adjustment, the result shows joint scheduling can further reduce the total fleet size, which saves the operation cost for the public transport enterprise.