供需均衡视角下长春市义务教育设施的规划应对

Planning Response for the Facilities of Compulsory Education from Demand-supply Balancing Viewpoint

文章结合《长春市规划区中小学校布局专项规划(2017-2035)》的编制情况,针对长春市现状中小学在城乡、区际和校际之间存在空间失配及规划和实施衔接不畅的问题,提出实现中小学资源在“时空”两个维度上的均衡、在“城乡”两类空间上的适配、城镇中小学规模在“新型城镇化”上的匹配、在“配置指标”上的创新、规划和实施在“主体”上的衔接等规划策略,并结合中小学规划实践提出采用城乡差异化的中小学规划布局模式、依据规划居住用地预测城镇生源人口、结合实际需求制定刚弹结合的规划指标体系、针对各区实际情况定制编写《分区规划实施手册》、针对中小学资源管控建立信息化数据平台等规划应对策略,以期为其他城市和地区的实践探索提供有益的经验。

With the compilation of Changchun primary and secondary school planning (2017-2035) as an example, the paper analyzes the spatial mismatch and the planning-implementation disconnection of primary and secondary schools. It proposes planning strategies of primary and secondary schools: balance in space and time, matching in city and countryside, proper scale in new urbanization, innovation in configuration, and connection between plan and implementation. Other strategies include: differentiated planning layout models, prediction of students, rigid- flexible integrated indices, Planning Implementation Guidebook for different districts, digital info platform. It provides valuable experience for other cities.