几种杀菌剂对小麦赤霉病及真菌毒素的控制效果

Control Effect of Several Fungicides on Wheat Scab and Fungal Toxin

根据江苏省抗性监测结果,研究几种杀菌剂对小麦赤霉病及籽粒中真菌毒素积累控制效果。结果表明,各药剂处理防效均较高,达78.19%~98.47%。其中,氰烯·戊唑醇、氰烯菌酯、戊唑·咪鲜胺病指防效最好,分别为98.47%、97.45%和96.82%;其次为烯肟·氟环唑单用、烯肟·氟环唑+咪鲜胺、烯肟·戊唑醇,为89.93%~94.61%;烯肟·戊唑醇+咪鲜胺、啶菌恶唑+咪鲜胺、啶菌恶唑防效偏低,为78.19%~87.46%。检出DON为主要毒素。防治后,48%氰烯·戊唑醇SC、25%氰烯菌酯SC、20%烯肟·戊唑醇SC对麦粒中DON毒素积累降低效果最好,分别达92.95%、89.36%、74.53%,其他药剂或处理为34.70%~67.32%。综合上述2个因素,推荐25%氰烯菌酯SC、48%氰烯·戊唑醇SC为小麦赤霉病防治的首选药剂品种,其次,推荐20%烯肟·戊唑醇SC、400g/L戊唑·咪鲜胺SC。

According to the results of resistance monitoring in Jiangsu Province, several fungicides were selected to control the wheat scab and the accumulation of fungal toxins in the grains. The results showed that the control effect of each agent was higher, up to 78.19%-98.47%. Among them, the best control effect was 98.47%, 97.45% and 96.82% respectively. Followed by enoxime ·fluconazole for single use, enoxime ·fluconazole + imiphenamine, enoxime ·pentazolide, with 89.93%-94.61%. Control effect of enoxime ·pentazolol + imidamide, imidamide + imidamide, imidamide, imidamide were lowest with 78.19%-87.46%. DON was detected as the main toxin. After prevention and treatment, 48% cyyane-pentazolid SC, 25% cyyane-ester SC, and 20% oxime-pentazolid SC had the best effect on reducing the accumulation of DON toxin in wheat grains, reaching 92.95%, 89.36%, 74.53% respectively, and 34.70%-67.32% in other drugs or treatments. Based on the above two factors, 25% cyanogen ester SC and 48% cyanogen· pentazolid SC were recommended as the preferred pharmaceutical varieties for the control of wheat scab, followed by 20% cyanoxime ·pentazolid SC and 400 g/L pentazolid ·midamine SC.