基于AHP-GA的整车主动悬架LQG控制器设计

Design of LQG controller for vehicle active suspension based on analytic hierarchy process and genetic algorithm

为提高驾驶员的乘坐舒适性,建立了考虑座椅振动的8自由度整车动力学模型,基于最优控制理论,设计了以主动悬架性能指标为目标函数的LQG控制器。利用层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)定性分析与遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)全局优化的特点,结合这2种算法确定各性能指标的加权系数,在Matlab/Simulink软件中建立主、被动悬架模型并进行仿真分析。结果表明,与被动悬架相比,采用2种算法相结合得到的主动悬架提高了整车性能,尤其是驾驶员的乘坐舒适性;与采用单一层次分析法相比,2种算法的结合进一步改善了整车主动悬架的性能,同时验证了层次分析法中参数选定的合理性。

In order to improve the ride comfort of the driver,an 8-DOF vehicle dynamics model considering seat vibration was established.Based on the optimal control theory,the LQG controller with active suspension performance indicators as the objective function was designed.Based on the qualitative analysis of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the global optimization of Genetic Algorithm (GA),the weighting coefficient of each performance indicator was determined by combining the two algorithms.The active and passive suspension models were established and simulated in Matlab/Simulink software.The results show that compared with the passive suspension,the active suspension using these two algorithms improved the vehicle performance,especially the driver’s ride comfort;compared with the single AHP,the combination of the two algorithms further improved the effect,and simultaneously verified the rationality of parameter selection in the AHP.