基于RFID反向散射的标签定位实验平台

Experimental platform for label location based on RFID backscattering

介绍了基于测距定位方法的基本工作原理,设计了一套基于射频识别反向散射的标签定位实验平台.该实验平台包括1个后端服务器、1台英频杰阅读器、多个RFID天线和1个标签.RFID天线的位置已知,作为信标节点并由阅读器控制,标签位置未知.由天线发送射频信号,信号到达标签后经反向散射返回天线,阅读器测得射频信号经由传输路径的相位变化,基于射频信号的传输模型估计天线和标签之间的距离,并结合天线的位置信息,利用极大似然估计方法估计标签的位置信息.该实验平台涵盖了射频通信、信号分析和处理以及定位算法等内容,有助于学生深入学习和理解基于RFID定位方法的原理和应用,能够培养和提高学生针对复杂工程问题的创新能力和工程实践能力.

This paper introduces the basic working principle of the ranging and positioning method and designs a label positioning experimental platform based on radio frequency identification backscattering. The experimental platform includes a back-end server, an English band reader, multiple RFID antennas and a tag. The location of the RFID antenna is known. As the beacon node and as controlled by the reader, the location of the tag is unknown. The radio frequency signal is transmitted from the antenna and returned to the antenna by backscattering after arriving at the tag. The reader measures the phase change of the radio frequency signal through the transmission path, and estimates the distance between the antenna and the tag based on the transmission model of the radio frequency signal. Combined with the position information of antenna, the position information of tag is estimated by maximum likelihood estimation method. The experimental platform covers radio frequency communication, signal analysis and processing, and location algorithm. It is helpful for students to deeply understand the principle and application of location method based on RFID, and it can also cultivate and improve students’ innovative ability and engineering practice ability for complex engineering problems.