中国城市经济发展70年:历史轨迹与特征化事实

70 Years of Urban Economic Development in China:Historical Trajectory and Characteristic Facts

历经70年的探索与前行,中国城市经济发展走过了一条波澜壮阔的道路。站在新中国成立70年这一重要历史节点上,总结中国城市经济发展中的成功经验与教训,将关于城市建设的中国经验、中国道路、中国故事提升到理论层面,具有重要的现实意义和理论价值。本文回顾了中国城市经济发展的历史轨迹,从经济总量、城市化、居民生活、就业、城市群以及基础设施、公共服务等方面进行了全面梳理。由此认为,中国城市经济发展存在以下特征化事实:第一,持续的经济体制改革真正释放了城市经济增长潜力;第二,快速城市化和人力资本增长是发展的必要条件;第三,城市群崛起是中国城市经济发展的必然结果;第四,"以人民为中心"是中国城市经济发展一直应该坚持的基本原则。

After 70 years of exploration and progress,the development of China’s urban economy has gone through a magnificent road.Standing on the important historical node of the 70 th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,it has important practical and theoretical value to sum up the successful experiences and lessons of China’s urban economic development,and raise China’s experience in urban construction,the Chinese road,and the Chinese story to the theoretical level.This paper reviews the historical trajectory of China’s urban economic development,and comprehensively sorts out economic aggregates,urbanization,residents’lives,employment,urban agglomerations,infrastructure and public services.The study finds that China’s urban economic development has the following characteristics:First,the continuous economic system reform has truly released the potential of urban economic growth.Second,rapid urbanization and human capital growth are necessary conditions for development.Third,the rise of urban agglomeration is the inevitable result of China’s urban economic development.Fourth,"people-centered"is the basic principle that China’s urban economic development has always been adhered to.