夜班对医生睡眠与疲劳产生的影响

The Efficacy of Shift Work to Sleep and Fatigue in Doctor

目的充足而优质的睡眠,对于有夜班需求的医务工作者来说,是至关重要的。因为睡眠对警觉,恢复和健康等方面,具有重要的影响。本研究通过随访在福建医科大学附属南平第一医院工作的医生,旨在了解夜班和加班对睡眠和疲劳产生的影响。方法本研究于2018年7月-2019年1月期间以匿名问卷方式,对1340名在福建医科大学附属南平第一医院工作的医生进行横断面调查,观察对象平均年龄(50.1±10.1)岁,采集信息包括卡洛林斯卡睡眠日记(Karolinska Sleep Diary,KSD)、人口学资料、工作场所变量、工作小时数和夜班制度。统计学分析采用SPSS软件。结果夜班工作人员中睡眠质量、睡眠不足、醒后早晨疲劳、入睡容易、中途觉醒、早醒、全程熟睡、睡眠质量指数、疲乏各指标中睡眠持续时间在各组间没有显著差异(P均>0.05),但KSD-SQI估计的睡眠质量,随着夜班数量的增加而恶化。随着夜班次数和每周工作时间的增加睡眠不足以及醒后早晨疲乏发生率都显著增加。结论研究结果显示,每月夜班次数增加和每周工作时间增加,都会对睡眠造成一定的影响。并且伴随程度增加,对睡眠的影响越发明显。

Objective It is very important for medical workers with night shift to get enough and high quality sleep. Because sleep has an important impact on alertness, recovery and health. This study was to investigate the effects of night shift and overtime on sleep and fatigue by following up doctors working in Nanping first Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University from July 2018 to January 2019. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1 340 doctors working in Nanping first Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University. The average age of the subjects was (50.1±10.1) years old. The information collected included Karolinska sleep diary (Karolinska Sleep Diary, KSD), demographic data, workplace variables, working hours and night shift system. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results The night shift staff had no significant difference in sleep quality, lack of sleep, morning fatigue after waking up, easy sleep, awakening, early awakening, full sleep, sleep quality index, and fatigue in each group (P > 0.05), but the sleep quality estimated by KSD-SQI deteriorates as the number of night shifts increases. With the increase in night shifts and weekly work hours, the incidence of sleep and the morning fatigue after waking increased significantly. Conclusion The results show that the increase of the number of night shifts per month and the increase of weekly working hours will have a certain impact on sleep. And with the increase of the degree, the effect on sleep is more and more obvious.