食管癌患者放疗期间体质指数及机体组成成分分析

Analysis of body mass index and body composition in esophageal cancer patients during radiotherapy

目的:动态分析食管癌患者放疗期间体质指数(body mass index,BMI)及体成分的变化,以期更好地为此类患者提供营养支持方案。方法:选取32例食管癌患者入组,放疗期间动态行体成分测定,包括机体总含水量(total body water,TBW)、蛋白质、矿物质、机体脂肪含量(body fat mass,BFM)、机体骨骼肌含量(skeletal muscle mass,SMM)。动态分析食管癌患者放疗期间不同时间点BMI与机体组成成分的相关性。结果:放疗开始后患者的TBW、蛋白质、BFM、SMM均开始逐渐下降,BMI与BFM明显相关( P <0.01),与矿物质含量的相关性最不明显。结论:食管癌患者放疗期间机体组成中的蛋白质、水分、脂肪、肌肉都明显下降;BMI下降主要由体脂含量下降所致,适当增加膳食脂肪含量有助于提高其放疗耐受性及生存质量。

Objective: To dynamically analyze the changes of body mass index (BMI) and body composition in patients with esophageal cancer during radiotherapy continuously, in order to provide better nutritional care for patients with esophageal cancer during radiotherapy. Methods: Thirty-two patients with esophageal cancer were included in the study. The body composition was determined dynamically during radiotherapy, including total body water content (TBW), protein, minerals, body fat content (BFM), and skeletal muscle content (SMM). The correlation between BMI and body composition in patients with esophageal cancer at different time points during radiotherapy was dynamically analyzed. Results: TBW, protein, BFM, and SMM began to decrease gradually after the beginning of radiotherapy. Minerals did not change significantly during radiotherapy. The correlation between BMI and BFM was statistically significant ( P <0.01), whereas the correlation with minerals was not. Conclusions: Protein, water, fat, and muscle in patients with esophageal cancer decrease significantly during radiotherapy, and the decrease of BMI may mainly due to the decrease of BFM. Increasing dietary fat content is helpful to improve radiotherapy tolerance and quality of life for patients with esophageal cancer during radiotherapy.