论谭献日记的戏曲史料价值

On the Significance of Tan Xian’s Diary for Chinese Opera History

晚清著名学者、词人谭献,同光间曾多次来往京师,诗酒文会中与当时多位名伶来往密切,并编有《群芳小集》《群芳续集》等。光绪初年,又根据所见所闻为萝摩庵老人所著《怀芳记》作注。关于《怀芳记》一书的作者,日记中已有明确提示,借此可考得其人为乔松年。但由于通行本《复堂日记》为谭献生前编定的删节本,后虽有徐彦宽补录、续录,依然称不上是全本,其中与戏曲相关的大部分史料即被删除殆尽。今南京图书馆等处藏有《复堂日记》稿本六十册,其中不仅详细记录了《群芳小集》《群芳续集》的成书历程,还充分呈现了当时士伶诗酒文会的真实场景。这对于考察花谱类书籍的生成以及同光间京师梨园生态,具有重要的史料价值。

Tan Xian was a famous scholar and poet in the late Qing dynasty. He used to travel to and from the capital of China during Tongguang' reign, befriended with many actors, and compiled critiques of performance artists such as Qunfangxiaoji and Qunfangxuji . During Guangxu's reign, he annotated Luomo'an Laoren's Huaifangji , and implied in his diary that Luomo'an Loaren was Qiao Songnian. Tan's diary published while he was alive was an abridged edition and lacked contents of Chinese opera. Nanjing Library's sixty volumes of Tan's diary, Futang Diary , not only describes the compilation of Qunfangxiaoji and Qunfangxuji , but also depicts the wine and poetry parties of the time, are of great significance to the studies of Chinese opera history.