汽车速度和加速度对不同尾气排放的影响分析

Influence of Vehicle Speed and Acceleration on Different Exhaust Gas Emission

为研究汽车不同速度和加速度对污染物排放速率和比例的影响,采用OBEAS-3000车载尾气检测仪,实地实验测量了不同速度和加速度下的机动车不同尾气的瞬时排放速率,定量分析了不同排放气体(CO,HC和NOx)与速度和加速度的关系以及9种工况下尾气中不同气体组成比例的差异性.结果表明,非减速行驶工况下,CO排放速率与速度负相关,而HC和NOx排放速率与速度正相关.NOx的排放速率与加速度成正相关,HC和CO的排放速率与加速度无显著相关性.减速行驶工况下,三种气体的排放速率与速度均成正相;HC的排放速率与加速度成负相关,而CO和NOx排放速率与加速度无显著相关性.另外,结果显示不同行驶工况下CO和HC的排放比例存在明显差异性,NOx的比例没有明显变化.研究结果为建立不同气体的精确排放模型提供了理论依据.

In order to study the influence of different vehicle speeds and accelerations on the emission rate and proportion of pollutants, the instantaneous emission rate of different vehicle exhaust at different speeds and accelerations was measured by field experiments using OBEAS-3000 vehicle exhaust detector. The relationship between different emission gases (CO, HC and NO x ) and speed, acceleration as well as the difference of different gas composition proportions in the exhaust under 9 working conditions were quantitatively analyzed. The results show that under non-decelerating driving conditions, the emission rate of CO is negatively correlated with the speed, while the HC and NO x emission rates are positively correlated with the speed. NO x emission rate is positively correlated with acceleration, while HC and CO emission rate is not significantly correlated with acceleration. Under the deceleration driving condition, the emission rates and velocities of the three gases are in positive phase. HC emission rate is negatively correlated with acceleration, while CO and NO x emission rates are not significantly correlated with acceleration. In addition, the results show that the emission ratios of CO and HC are obviously different under different driving conditions, and the ratio of NO x is not obviously changed.