库恩范式的演变及在社会学中的借用

The Evolution of Kuhn’s Paradigm and its Application in Sociology

库恩的范式是20世纪科学哲学中最具影响力的哲学概念之一,在库恩的视域之下对范式的表述和理解是一个演变的过程。范式不仅在科学哲学领域产生争论和影响,而且也被应用到社会科学等其他领域。尽管库恩被认为是范式概念的来源者,但在当前社会学中使用的范式在某种程度上存在库恩范式的影子,却又以“非库恩”的方式进行发展。库恩曾想要消解对范式的过分解读,并说明范式是共有的范例,并没有那么多的能力和范围。其它学科领域在借用库恩的范式时出现夸大和误用的现象,是由于没能准确把握范式的哲学本质。

Kuhn's paradigm is one of the most influential philosophical concepts in the philosophy of science in the 20th century. The expression of the concept of paradigm from Kuhn's perspective is a process of evolution. Paradigm has not only produced controversy and influence in the field of philosophy of science, but also has been quoted to other fields such as social sciences. Although Kuhn is considered to be the originator of the concept of paradigm, the paradigm used in sociology still has the shadow of Kuhn's paradigm to some extent, but develops in the way of "non-Kuhn". Kuhn had wanted to dispel the over-interpretation of paradigms, and to show that paradigms are common paradigms with less capacity and scope. Due to the failure to grasp the understanding of the original meaning of paradigm, that is, the philosophical nature of paradigm, the phenomenon of exaggeration and misuse of borrowed paradigm appears in other disciplines.