页岩气井产能表征方法研究

Productivity characterization method of shale gas wells

常规气藏气井的产能主要用无阻流量作为衡量指标,通过试气、试采资料确定无阻流量,评价气井产能。页岩气由于地质特征和渗流机理的特殊性,用什么指标表征页岩气井的产能存在争议。结合国内实际页岩气井的测试与生产资料,提出不同开发阶段页岩气井的产能可以用无阻流量、可采储量和产气量三类指标进行表征。用无阻流量表征页岩气井产能时,建立了涪陵主体区“一点法”经验公式,产能系数α值为0.25。针对多工作制度的产能测试,多流量法在涪陵具有较好的适应性。用可采储量表征页岩气井产能时,在页岩气井进入递减阶段之前选用页岩气压裂水平井非稳态产能评价方法,进入递减阶段后采用经验递减法预测页岩气井的可采储量。对于定产生产的页岩气井,可以优选相同油嘴下的试气产量表征页岩气井产能。研究成果为页岩气井生产动态分析及开发技术政策制定奠定了基础。

The productivity of gas wells in conventional gas reservoirs is mainly measured by open flow rate. The open flow rate is determined by gas test and production test data to evaluate the productivity of gas wells. Because of the particularity of geological characteristics and seepage mechanism, it is controversial to use which indexes to characterize the productivity of shale gas wells. Combined with the testing and production data of actual shale gas wells in China, it is proposed that the productivity of shale gas wells in different development stages can be characterized by three kinds of indexes-unhindered flow rate, recoverable reserves and gas production. When the productivity of shale gas wells is characterized by open flow, the empirical formula of“one point method”in Fuling main area is established, and the reservoir capacity(α)is 0.25. For the production capacity test of multiple work systems, the multi-flow method has better adaptability in Fuling. When the productivity of shale gas wells is characterized by recoverable reserves, before shale gas wells enter the decline stage, the unsteady productivity evaluation method of shale gas fractured horizontal wells is selected;while after entering the decline stage, the recoverable reserves of shale gas wells can be predicted by empirical decline method. For shale gas wells with fixed production, the gas test production of the same oil nozzle can be optimized to characterize the productivity of shale gas wells. The research results lay a foundation for the dynamic analysis of shale gas well production and the formulation of development technology policy.