青中年维持性血液透析患者自我管理和社会资源的相关性分析

The correlation between self-management and social resources among young and middle-aged patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

目的了解青中年维持性血液透析患者自我管理和社会资源的现状,并分析二者的相关性。方法采用一般资料调查表、血液透析患者自我管理量表、慢性病资源量表对4所三级甲等医院187例青中年维持性血液透析患者进行调查。结果青中年维持性血液透析患者自我管理条目均分为(2.73±0.47)分,处于中等水平,患者社会资源条目均分为(3.11±0.55)分,其中社会环境和文化层面获得的社会资源水平较低,社会资源总分及医护人员支持、家人朋友支持、自我调节、邻里社区支持、媒体政策支持、社团组织支持等6个维度与自我管理呈正相关(r值分别为0.472,0.234,0.240,0.393,0.290,0.299,0.266;P值分别为<0.001,0.001,0.001,<0.001,<0.001,<0.001,<0.001)。结论医务人员应重视评估青中年患者对各层次社会资源的利用情况,指导其充分合理利用各类资源进行自我管理。

Objective To investigate the correlation between self- management and social resources among young and middle-aged patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods A total of 187 young and middle-aged patients undergoing MHD in the four tertiary medical centers in Chengdu were investigated by general information questionnaires, including the Hemodialysis Self- Management Instrument (HDSMI) and the Chronic Illness Resources Survey (CIRS). Results The mean score of HDSMI was 2.73± 0.47, which is at the middle level. The mean score of CIRS was 3.11±0.55, in which the social resources obtained from social circumstances and cultural level were lower. The total score of social resources and the 6 dimensions including supports from medical staff, supports from family members and friends, self-adjustment, supports from neighborhoods, supports from media policy, and supports from social organizations were positively correlated with self-management (r=0.472, P<0.001;r=0.234, P=0.001;r=0.240, P=0.001;r=0.393, P<0.001;r=0.290, P<0.001;r=0.299, P<0.001;r=0.266, P<0.001). Conclusion Health care providers should pay attention to the social resources among young and middle-aged MHD patients, and assist them to make full use of social resources to improve their self-management abilities.