天然气埋地管道光纤预警技术试验设计及研究

Experimental Study on Optical Fiber Pre-warning Technology for Buried Pipelines of Natural Gas

埋地天然气管道在施工及运营阶段承受的建筑荷载、超载车辆、地震、泥石流、山体滑坡、机械挖掘撞击等复杂荷载,将严重影响管道的正常输气。输气管道的突然失效和泄漏,将严重危害人民的生命财产安全,需要建立有效的管道结构状态识别方法,揭示管道在复杂荷载情况下的实时响应。本文以管道的实时响应为依据,实现管道失效形式的有效识别,并以此作为评价管道状态的依据,实现管道失效预警及剩余承载力的评估,便于管道运行维护与灾害预防工作的开展。并基于分布式光纤传感监测技术系统,研究管道周遭受到较大作用力后的光纤监测信号的响应,提出一种管道安全预警识别方法。

The buried natural gas pipeline would bear complex loads such as construction load, overloaded vehicle, earthquake, debris flow, landslide, mechanical excavation impact and so on in the construction and operation stages, which would seriously affect the normal gas transmission of the pipeline. Sudden failure and leakage of gas pipeline would seriously endanger people’s lives and property. It was necessary to establish an effective method for identifying the state of pipeline structure to reveal the real-time response of pipeline under complex loads. Based on the real-time response of pipeline, the effective identification of pipeline failure forms was realized, and the pipeline status was evaluated on this basis. The early warning of pipeline failure and the evaluation of residual bearing capacity were realized, which was convenient for pipeline operation, maintenance and disaster prevention. In this paper, based on distributed optical fiber sensor monitoring technology, the response of optical fiber monitoring signal after the pipeline was subjected to a large force is studied, and a method of early warning and identification of pipeline safety was proposed.