《三国演义》中隐士书写的文化解读

Cultural Interpretation of Hermit Writing in Romance of the Three Kingdoms

《三国演义》中的隐士群体是融合了儒道隐逸思想的“大隐逸观”的产物。小说中隐士们突出的“人间的性格”不仅来源于儒家“有道则见,无道则隐”以及黄老思想作为“帝王术”维度的隐逸思想之影响;它还与三国故事演变过程中形成的故事格局、小说叙述逻辑的自洽规约以及“罗贯中”的创作心态密切相关。《三国演义》中的隐士们在“隐”之行为选择与博古通今的知识体系追求上看似矛盾却又相通,隐士书写流露出小说作者在面临天命与人事、“隐居全身”与“待时而动”两难选择时的矛盾心理与深刻思考。

The hermit group in Romance of the Three Kingdoms is the product of the "great seclusion concept" that incorporates the Confucianism and Taoism. The "human character" highlighted by the hermits in the novel not only comes from the influence of Confucianism, "there is no way to see, no way is hidden" and the reclusive thought of Huang Lao’s thought as the dimension of "Emperor";it also evolves with the story of the Three Kingdoms. The story structure formed in the book, the self-consistent statute of the narrative logic of the novel, and the creative mentality of Luo Guanzhong are closely related. The hermits in Romance of the Three Kingdoms seem to contradict each other in the pursuit of "hidden" behaviors and the pursuit of learned knowledge system. Hermit writing reveals that the authors of the novel are facing the ambivalence of destiny and personnel, "seclusion in the whole body" and "waiting for the time" with deep thinking of the "difficult choice".