从席勒到马尔库塞——论审美教育理论的发展

From Schiller to Marcuse: On the Development of Aesthetic Education Theory

席勒和马尔库塞的美学思想具有内在一致性,更有区别与发展,尤其在审美教育理论上具有代表性。运用文献阅读、对比研究方法,围绕二人美育理论的相似性、发展性与意义几个主要部分进行分析,可以得出两位思想家在美与艺术自由本质的认识、审美教育促进人性完整功用等问题上的相似性以及前者对后者的影响,而后者对前者的区别与发展则尤其体现在美育理论体系化建构、美育最终发展目标认识以及关于审美乌托邦的思考上。就二人美育思想路径进行研究的同时也可启发现代社会对于美学理论生发、审美感性教育以及和谐社会发展的关注。

Schiller and Herbert Marcuse are both famous philosophers and thinkers in history. Their aesthetic thoughts have inherent consistency, Marcuse has inherited and developed from Schiller in many ways especially in the theory of aesthetic education. Based on the analysis of the similarities and developments of their theory of aesthetic education, it can be seen that the two thinkers have similarity in the thoughts of essence and functions of aesthete by reading theoretical works, analyzing and comparing. Marcuse developed Schiller' s ideas in construction of ideological system of Aesthetic Education and Aesthetic Utopia. It can also inspire modern society to attach importance to aesthetic education and development of harmonious society.