肿瘤专科医生的心理压力与职业倦怠现状分析及预测模型

Psychological Pressure and Job Burnout of Doctors in Cancer Hospitals: Current Situation Analysis and Prediction Model

目的研究肿瘤专科医院医生的心理健康状况和职业倦怠感现状及其关系,并通过正负性情绪和心理健康状况对职业倦怠感做出预测。方法选取广州市两家肿瘤专科医院医生作为研究对象,采用中文版知觉心理压力量表(CPSS)、Maslach职业倦怠量表-通用版(MBI-GS)以及正负性情绪量表(PANAS)对选取对象的心理压力状况进行了评估。结果①共收到131份有效问卷,其中检出职业倦怠阳性率为49. 93%,根据相关分析:职业倦怠感在年龄、学历和职称的差异均有统计学差异(P <0. 05),正负性情绪在性别和职称方面差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。②职业倦怠总分及情绪衰竭、去个性化与心理压力总分及其两个维度呈显著正相关,职业倦怠及其三个维度均与正情绪呈显著负相关,与负情绪呈显著正相关。③根据多元线性回归分析:对于职业倦怠总分、情绪衰竭和去个性化,负情绪、正情绪和紧张感均进入了回归方程,分别能预测62. 5%、47. 4%和56. 6%的变异量。结论正负性情绪和心理压力可以在一定程度上预测职业倦怠感的产生,可通过有效措施降低职业倦怠感。

Objective To study the mental health status and occupational burnout status of doctors in cancer hospitals and their relationship,and to predict occupational burnout through positive and negative emotions and mental health status. Methods The doctors who work in two cancer hospitals in Guangzhou were selected as the research subjects. Chinese Perceived Stress Scale( CPSS),Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey( MBI-GS) and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule( PANAS) were used to evaluate the psychological stress status of the selected subjects. SPSS 20 was used to analyze the data. Results ① 131 valid questionnaires were received. The positive rate of occupational burnout was 49. 93%.According to the correlation analysis,occupational burnout showed significant differences in age,educational background and professional title( P < 0. 05). Positive and negative affect showed significant differences in gender and professional title( P <0. 05).② Total scores of occupational burnout and emotional exhaustion,depersonalization were positively correlated with total scores of psychological stress and another two dimensions. The occupational burnout and its three dimensions were negatively correlated with positive emotions and positively correlated with negative emotions.③According to the multiple linear regression analysis,for the total score of job burnout,emotional exhaustion and depersonalization,negative emotions,positive emotions and tension were enrolled into the regression equation,predicting 62. 5%,47. 4% and 56. 6% of the variance respectively. Conclusion Positive and negative affect and psychological stress can predict the occurrence of occupational burnout to some extent,and effective measures can be taken to reduce occupational burnout.