某院儿科就诊患者哮喘患病率及吸入用药调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Asthma Incidence and Inhalation Drugs of Pediatric Patients in a Hospital

目的调查某院儿科就诊的患者中支气管哮喘的患病率、吸入用药的使用率,为儿童哮喘的人群防治提供依据。方法以2017年来某院儿科就诊的患者为调查对象,通过医院的HIS系统逐月将儿科就诊信息全部调出,然后以"哮喘"、"儿童哮喘"、"过敏性咳嗽"、"支气管炎"对临床诊断进行检索,同时对医院现有的吸入用药进行检索。结果共有124 311人次就诊,患病率为5. 00%,其中男性患病率为3. 16%,女性患病率为1. 84%。以第四季度患病率最高。患病年龄主要集中在1~7岁之间,占患病总人数的72. 51%。其中3~4岁这个年龄阶段的儿童患病人数最高,占患病总人数的17. 24%。吸入用药使用最高的为吸入布地奈德混悬液及复方异丙托溴铵溶液,使用率分别占吸入用药的46. 81%和44. 77%。结论与以往北京市调查结果相同,男性患病率仍高于女性,学龄前儿童是患病高发人群,冬季儿童哮喘会明显增加。本次调查的结果反映出该院儿科门诊患者支气管患者的患病情况,为儿童支气管哮喘的防治提供依据。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of bronchial asthma and the use of inhalation drugs in pediatric patients in our hospital,and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of children’s asthma. Methods Taking the patients who have been visiting pediatrics as the object of investigation in our hospital since 2017. The information of pediatric consultation is transferred out monthly through HIS system of our hospital,and then the clinical diagnosis is searched by"asthma","childhood asthma","allergic cough"and"bronchitis",at the same time the inhalation drugs available can be searched in our hospital. Results A total of 124 311 people visited the hospital,with a prevalence rate of 5. 00%,of which 3.16% were males and 1. 84% were females. The prevalence rate in the fourth quarter of a year was higher than that in the first three quarters. The age of illness was mainly between 1 and 7 years old,accounting for 72. 51% of the total number of illnesses. Among them,aged 3 to 4 years old children had the highest number of cases,accounting for 17. 24% of the total number of cases. The highest use of inhalation drugs was budesonide suspension and compound ipratropium bromide solution,accounting for 46. 81% and 44. 77% of inhalation drugs,respectively. Conclusion Similar to the previous survey in Beijing,the prevalence rate of male is still higher than that of female,preschool children are the high-risk group,and children’s asthma will increase significantly in winter. The results of this survey reflect the prevalence of bronchial patients in pediatric outpatient department of our hospital,and provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma in children.