1949-2017年南海地区热带气旋统计特征研究

Statistical Characteristics of Tropical Cyclones in the South China Sea from 1949 to 2017

利用中国气象局热带气旋最佳路径集资料对1949-2017年南海地区的热带气旋特征进行了研究,分析了热带气旋生成的时空分布特征、热带气旋强度和持续时间特征以及登陆热带气旋的特征,对以往的研究结果进行了修正和补充。统计结果表明,在生成数量上,南海地区热带气旋存在11-13a左右的振荡周期;在生成源地上,其密度中心主要集中在19°N、115°E附近,并呈现出北密南疏的特点;在时间分布上,生成及登陆均主要集中在夏、秋两季,持续时间则主要在7d以下;在移动路径上,主要为西行和西北行。

The characteristics of tropical cyclones in the South China Sea from 1949 to 2017 are studied by using the best path set data of tropical cyclones from the China Meteorological Administration. The spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of the generation of tropical cyclones, the characteristics of the intensity and duration, and the characteristics of landing tropical cyclones are analyzed, and the previous research results are revised and supplemented. The statistical results show that the tropical cyclone in the South China Sea has an oscillation period of about 11-13 years in terms of the number of generations. On the source of formation, the density center is mainly concentrated near 19°N and 115°E, and shows the characteristics of dense north and sparse south. In terms of time distribution, the formation and landing of tropical cyclones in the South China Sea are mainly concentrated in summer and autumn, and the duration is mainly below 7 days. On the moving path, the landing tropical cyclone tracks in the South China Sea are mainly westward and northwest.