分级诊疗制度下我国基层医疗卫生机构发展现状分析

Analysis on Status of Primary Medical Institution in China under Hierarchical Diagnosis System

目的了解分级诊疗制度实施后,我国基层医疗卫生机构的发展情况,为进一步完善分级诊疗制度建设提供参考依据。方法通过查阅相关文献和2014—2018年中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴数据,运用描述性分析和统计学方法对我国基层医疗卫生机构医疗服务能力现状进行分析,计量资料间比较使用独立样本t检验。结果我国基层医疗卫生机构数量的年均增长率为0.45%,其中社区卫生服务中心和乡镇卫生院的床位数、卫生技术人员数、万元以上设备台数、诊疗人数以及入院人数均呈增长趋势,床位使用率呈下降趋势。乡镇卫生院的医疗服务能力与社区卫生服务中心相比,在床位、卫生技术人员和卫生设施的资源配置方面的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结果表明,社区卫生服务中心在医疗卫生资源的配置均高于乡镇卫生院。结论分级诊疗制度全面实施以来,我国基层医疗卫生机构自身的服务能力整体提升,但医疗服务的效益没有显著改善,居民就医观念仍缺乏有效引导。

OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of primary medical institution in China under background of hierarchical diagno sis system,so as to provide references for further improving the construction of hierarchical diagnosis system. METHODS By consulting relevant literature and the data from China health and family planning statistical yearbook during 2014 to 2018,the descriptive analysis and statistical method were performed to analyze the current situation of medical service capacity of primary medical institution in China. T-test was used to compare the measurement data. RESULTS The average annual growth rate of the number of primary medical institution in China was 0.45%. The number of bed,the number of health technician,the number of equipment over 10 000 yuan,the number of patient and the number of admission in community health service center and township health center showed the increasing trend,and the utilization rate of bed were negatively growth. There were statistically significant differences in the allocation of bed,health technician and health equipment,medical service capabilities between community health service center and township health center(P<0.05).The result showed that the allocation of health resources in community health service center wa shigher than township health center.CONCLUSION Since the implementation of the hierarchical diagnosis system,the service capacity of primary medical institution in China had been over all improved,but the benefit of medical services had not been significantly improved,and the residents’ medical concept was still lack ing of effective guidance.