芜湖市3～6岁儿童贫血现况调查及相关因素分析

Investigation and Analysis on Anemia in Children Aged 3～6 Years Old in Wuhu

目的了解芜湖市学龄前儿童贫血情况与儿童饮食之间的关系。方法随机抽取芜湖市两区、两县托幼机构4~7家,采用儿童饮食调查问卷和儿童一般情况调查表进行集体问卷调查。结果芜湖市3~6岁儿童贫血发生率为3.11%,芜湖市3~6岁儿童血红蛋白均值为(123.76±14.24)g/l,随着年龄的增长,血红蛋白值增大,差异具有统计学意义(F=12.166,P<0.05),通过单因素分析结果表明,米面、新鲜水果、鱼虾、肉类、豆奶、坚果以及主要抚养人对3~6岁儿童贫血患病的影响具有统计学意义(P<0.05),通过多因素logistic回归分析,与儿童贫血有关因素为米面、肉类、豆奶、坚果、新鲜水果、主要抚养人。结论儿童贫血的发生与儿童饮食习惯密切相关,改善儿童饮食结构,做到营养均衡,多食用肉蛋奶坚果等营养素丰富的食品,多食用新鲜水果,补充维生素C,及时补充丰富的铁元素,有利于预防儿童贫血的发生。

OBJECTIVE To understand the relationship between anemia and diet of preschool children in Wuhu. METHODS 4~7 childcare institutions in two districts and two counties of Wuhu were randomly selected,Children’s diet questionnaire and general situation ques tionnaire were used for the collective questionnaire survey. RESULTS The incidence of anemia in children aged 3-6 in Wuhu was 3.11%, The mean hemoglobin of children aged 3-6 in Wuhu city was 123.76±14.24. With the increase of age,the hemoglobin value increased, and the difference was statistically significant(F=12.166,P<0.05). The results of univariate analysis showed that the effect of fresh rice noodles,fish,shrimp,meat,soy milk and nuts on anemia in children aged 3-6 years were statistically significant(P<0.05). Through multivariate logistic regression analysis,the factors related to anemia in children were rice noodle,meat,soy milk,nuts,fresh fruit and main caregivers. CONCLUSION The occurrence of childhood anemia was closely related to children’s dietary habits,improve chil dren’s diet structure to achieve balanced nutrition,eat more meat,eggs,milk,nuts and other nutrient-rich foods,eat more fresh fruit,vitamin C supplements,timely supplements of rich iron elements,was conducive to the prevention of anemia in children.