2018年开封市中小学生乙肝防治知识认知状况及影响因素分析

Cognitive Status and Influencing Factors of Hepatitis B Prevention Knowledge among Primary and Secondary School Students of Kaifeng in 2018

目的了解2018年开封市中小学生对乙肝防治知识的认知状况及影响因素,为提高学生的健康意识和疾病防治知识水平提供良好保证。方法采取分层抽样和整群抽样的方法,在2018年5—7月对开封市中小学生进行问卷调查,调查问卷由中国肝类防治基金会提供。问卷调查主要深入分析开封市中小学生对乙肝相关知识知晓情况和不同年龄中小学生乙肝相关知识得分情况,并对乙肝相关知识知晓情况的影响因素进行分析。结果开封市中小学生对乙肝相关知识知晓情况总体偏低,总知晓率为47.84%。知道乙型肝炎的知晓率为82.91%,知晓率最高;其次是新生儿出生后要及时接种乙肝疫苗知晓率比较高,为73.73%;知晓率最低的是目前没有治疗乙型肝炎的特效药物,为13.82%。不同特征中小学生乙肝知识得分情况不同,民族、年龄、文化程度和户籍对乙肝相关知识得分有影响(P<0.05),不同性别对乙肝相关知识得分无影响(P>0.05)。采用多元线性回归分析乙肝相关知识知晓情况影响因素发现,年龄、户籍是影响中小学生乙肝相关知识得分的因素。结论要加强中小学生对乙型肝炎预防知识的宣传教育,做好乙肝传播途径和乙肝非传播途径宣传,找到更科学、更合理的健康教育模式,对乙肝防治工作将会起到非常重要的作用。

OBJECTIVE To understand the cognitive status and influencing factors of hepatitis B prevention knowledge among primary and secondary school students of Kaifeng City in 2018,so as to provide a good guarantee for improving students’ health awareness and dis ease prevention knowledge. METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted among primary and secondary school students in Kaifeng from May to July 2018 by stratified sampling and cluster sampling. The questionnaire was provided by China Liver Prevention Foundation. Questionnaire survey mainly analyzed in-depth knowledge about hepatitis B among primary and secondary school students in Kaifeng City,the score of hepatitis B related knowledge among primary and secondary school students of different ages,and the influencing fac tors of knowledge about hepatitis B were analyzed. RESULTS The awareness of hepatitis B related knowledge among primary and second ary school students in Kaifeng was generally low,with a total awareness rate of 47.84%. The awareness rate of knowing hepatitis B was 82.91%,which was the highest. Secondly,the awareness rate of timely vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine after birth was 73.73%. The lowest awareness rate was that there was no specific drug for hepatitis B at present,which was 13.82%. Different characteristics of prima ry and secondary school students had different scores of hepatitis B knowledge. Ethnic group,age,educational level and household regis tration had an impact on the score of hepatitis B related knowledge(P<0.05),while gender had no effect on the score of hepatitis B relat ed knowledge(P>0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of knowledge about hepatitis B. It found that age and household registration were the factors influencing the score of knowledge about hepatitis B among primary and secondary school students. CONCLUSION It was very important for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B to strengthen the propagan da and education of hepatitis B prevention knowledge among primary and secondary school students,to do a good job in propaganda of hepatitis B transmission channels and non-transmission channels,and to find a more scientific and reasonable health education mode.