基于波束形成与波叠加的噪声源三维定位方法研究

Research on Noise Source 3-D Localization Based on Beam-forming and Wave Superposition Method

提出了一种基于波束形成和声波叠加法的噪声源三维定位方法。该方法以传统的波束形成技术为基础,通过传声器阵列声压测量,识别出噪声源在声成像平面上的二维分布,以二维声成像结果中的声源坐标作为波叠加等效源的初始位置,以重建传声器阵列声压误差作为评价指标,通过遗传算法搜索求解声源的三维空间坐标和源强。试验结果表明,该方法可准确识别噪声源三维坐标,并有效抑制波束形成固有旁瓣效应造成的虚假声源干扰。

A 3-D noise source locating scheme is proposed based on the beam-forming and superposition method of sound wave. With the traditional wave-beam forming technique as basis, the scheme identifies the 2-D distribution of noise source on sound image plane through the sound pressure measurement of microphone array. With the sound source coordinate of 2-D sound image as the initial position of equivalent source of wave superposition and the sound pressure error of reconstructed microphone array as evaluation indicator, the 3-D spatial coordinate and intensity of sound source are searched out by using genetic algorithm. Test results show that the scheme proposed can accurately identify the 3-D coordinate of noise source and effectively suppress the interference of fake noise source caused by side-lobe effects in wave-beam forming.