D型肉毒梭菌毒素灭鼠剂防治高原鼢鼠的试验研究

Experimental Study on Control of Plateau Zokor by Clostridium botulinum Toxin Rodenticide

为探讨D型肉毒梭菌毒素作为控制高原鼢鼠的新型生物杀鼠剂的可行性,采用霍恩氏法测得D型肉毒梭菌毒素对高原鼢鼠的灌胃半数致死量,改良寇氏法测定颗粒毒饵、小麦毒饵口服半数致死量。并测定了高原鼢鼠对两种毒饵的有选择适口性、无选择适口性很好及再遇适口性。试验测得D型肉毒梭菌毒素对高原鼢鼠的灌胃半数致死量5840MLD/kg体重,可信线为3430—9950MLD(小白鼠)/kg体重,表明D型肉毒灭鼠剂对高原鼢鼠敏感;高原鼢鼠对两种毒饵的口服半数致死量(LD50)分别为0.85g/kg体重和1.30g/kg体重;高原鼢鼠对两种毒饵的有选择适口性良好,摄食系数分别为1.33和1.10;无选择适口性很好,摄食系数分别为0.81和0.60;再遇适口性良好。该项试验研究为利用D型肉毒梭菌生物毒素进行大面积高原鼢鼠的防治提供了基础数据。

To explore the feasibility of Clostridium botulinum toxin as a new biological rodenticide for controlling plateau zokor,we tested the half-lethal dose of C.botulinum toxin to the plateau zokor by using Horn s method.The Modified Koji method was used to determine the oral lethal dose of granular bait and wheat bait.The half-lethal dose of C.botulinum toxin was 5 840 MLD/kg body weight,and the trusted line was 3 430-9 950 MLD/kg body weight (mouse),indicating that D-type botulinum rodenticide had a toxic effect on plateau zokor.The oral lethal dose (LD 50) of the two baits to plateau zokor were 0.85 g/kg and 1.30 g/kg respectively.The two baits were palatable to plateau zokor and the feeding coefficients were 1.33 and 1.10 respectively.Non-selective palatability was good,and the feeding coefficients were 0.81 and 0.60.Reencountered palatability was good.This study provides basic data for the control of plateau zokor using the D-type Clostridium botulinum biotoxin.