非健康乌苏里蝮雄性生殖系统组织学结构初探

Histological Structure of Male Reproductive Organs of Unhealthy Gloydius ussuriensis

为了探究乌苏里蝮(Gloydius ussuriensis)生殖生理规律,本文利用常规组织解剖学技术,观察了雄性个体的性腺及附属器官的组织学结构特征。研究中发现在交配前期(5月)个别雄蛇的消化道出现了明显的病症,即在肠道旁出现棒状肿块以及小肠近十二指肠段呈现出异常肿胀,尤为重要的是健康蛇与患病蛇的生殖器官呈现出了明显的解剖学和组织学结构的差异。主要表现为:首先,患病蛇精巢系数与健康蛇有明显差别;其次,患病蛇精巢曲细精管的生精上皮排列均出现不同程度的紊乱,构成生精上皮的细胞有明显的水样变性或脂肪样变性;第三,患病蛇输精管管壁增厚,黏膜细胞由单层立方上皮转变为假复层上皮;输精管黏膜层破损,有细胞脱落现象;管径及其中的精子团面积也明显小于健康蛇。另外,解剖时未发现2条患病蛇的其他器官有可见的病变,因此,初步推测由于消化道疾病影响了患病乌苏里蝮营养吸收,进而引起了精巢和输精管的退行性变化。

We investigated the reproductive physiology of Gloydius ussuriensis .We documented the histological structural characteristics of sexual glands and accessory organs of males by using routine histoanatomical techniques.The alimentary tracts of some male snakes showed abnormal symptoms during the early mating season (May),viz a rod-shaped lump near the intestinal tract and abnormal swelling of the small intestine segment near the duodenum.The reproductive organs of healthy snakes and diseased snakes showed obvious anatomical and histological structural differences.Main manifestations included:(ⅰ) The testicular coefficient of diseased snakes differed significantly from that of healthy snakes;(ⅱ) disorder to varying degrees in the spermatogenic epithelium of the seminiferous tubules in the testicle of the diseased snake with marked hydropic degeneration or lipoid degeneration of cells constituting the spermatogenic epithelium;(ⅲ) thickening of the wall of vas deferens and conversion of mucosal cells from simple cuboidal epithelium to pseudostratified epithelium in diseased snakes;(ⅳ) mucous layer of sperm duct showed damaged and cell abscission;and (ⅴ) the diameter and spermatium area of the sperm duct was smaller than in healthy snakes.No visible lesions were recorded in other organs of the two diseased snakes.This suggested that the digestive tract disease affected the nutrition absorption of the diseased snakes and then caused the degenerative changes of the testis and the vas deferens.