车辆换挡系统调压阀优化设计与试验

Optimum Design of Pressure Regulating Valve in Vehicle Shift System

针对车辆换挡充油过程中离合器充油压力曲线的实际值与理想值之间存在偏差的问题,建立了包含供油单元、电磁换向阀、调压阀和离合器的换挡系统仿真模型,采用AMESim对充油过程进行仿真分析。以充油压力为优化目标,应用误差积分准则确定优化函数,通过Pareto图得到调压阀中影响充油压力的关键参数为阀口开度、弹簧预紧力和阻尼孔直径。分别采用二次拉格朗日非线性规划算法(Non-linear programming by quadratic Lagrangian,NLPQL)和遗传算法(Genetic algorithms,GA)对上述参数进行优化。对比优化后的仿真充油曲线与理想充油曲线,可知遗传算法为最优算法,并确定了调压阀的最优结构参数。根据控制变量法设计试验方案,结果表明,采用遗传算法优化后,换挡系统的稳定性在一定程度上得到提高,其充油过程更加符合理想充油过程,换挡品质得到改善。

During the progress of oil filling in the vehicle, the deviation between actual pressure and ideal pressure always affects the shift quality. For enhancing the shift quality, the model for simulation of the vehicle shift system was established, which included fuel supply unit, electromagnetic reversing valve, pressure regulating valve and clutch. The oil filling progress was simulated and analyzed in AMESim. Taking the oil filling pressure as optimization target, the optimized function was obtained on the basis of the error integral criterion. In pressure regulating valve, the key parameters affecting the oil filling pressure were obtained by the Pareto diagram as follows: the opening of the valve, the spring preloading force and the diameter of damping hole. Non-linear programming by quadratic Lagrangian and genetic algorithms were respectively applied to optimize parameters above. According to the comparison between the optimized simulation oil filling curve and the ideal oil filling curve, the genetic algorithm was defined as the optimal algorithm, and the optimal structural parameters of the pressure regulating valve were determined. Based on the variable controlling approach, the experimental schemes were designed. The results of the experiments showed that the stability of the optimal shift system was improved to some extent, and the optimal oil filling process was more close to the ideal oil filling process, providing a reliable reference for improving the shift quality.