论唐代后期汉中的战略地位及唐廷对其经略

On the Strategic Position of Hanzhong in the Late Tang Dynasty

汉中在唐代以前就是兵家必争的战略要地,唐代前期已成为巴蜀、西南与关中、中原地区人员信息交流的孔道、经济交往的要道和重要的军事要地。安史之乱时,汉中一度成为巴蜀、江南物资转输支持唐廷平乱的经济枢纽和咽喉要地。安史之乱后,中原不稳、运河漕运时有不通,唐廷更加依赖巴蜀地区与江汉漕运,汉中地位愈加重要;唐德宗避乱巡驾汉中后,汉中地位空前提升,汉中成为京畿的战略后方及社稷再造之地,关乎着唐廷的社稷安危。唐代后期,唐廷通过对人事任免、栈道修建、区划设置与行政级别调整等措施加强对汉中的经略。

Before the Tang Dynasty,Hanzhong was the strategic place for the military to compete.In the early period of the Tang Dynasty,it became the channel for the exchange of information between the people of Bayu,Southwest China,Guanzhong and Central Plains,and the important military land for economic exchanges.During the Anshi Rebellion,Hanzhong became the economic hub and throat of the Tang dynasty to defeat the Anshi forces.After the Anshi Rebellion,the Central Plains was unstable and the canal was inaccessible.The Tang dynasty relied more on the Bashu area and the Jianghan Fortune.The position of Hanzhong became more and more important.After Emperor Dezong evaded the driving of Hanzhong,Hanzhong’s status was unprecedentedly elevated.Hanzhong became the strategic rear and social reconstruction of the central government.The land is related to the social security of the Tang dynasty.Late Tang Dynasty,The Tang Dynasty strengthened the strategy of Hanzhong through the measures of personnel appointment and removal,trestle road construction,division setting and administrative level adjustment.