鄱阳湖蒸发量对气象因子响应研究

Study on response of evaporation to meteorologic in Poyang lake

蒸发是水文循环重要环节,影响蒸发的主要气象因子随时间和空间变化而不同.本文基于日照、风速、温湿度、蒸发等监测成果,利用灰色关联、主成分分析等数理统计方法,探讨影响鄱阳湖E601型蒸发器蒸发量主要气象因子,并讨论利用主要气象因子构建模型对蒸发量进行模拟.结果表明:不同时间尺度下,影响蒸发量变化的主要气象因子有所不同,月、年尺度上影响蒸发量变化过程主要气象因子分别是日照时数、气温和风速,日尺度上各因子对蒸发影响程度较为均一;气象因子能够揭示蒸发发生变化的主要过程和未来趋势,但不具备对长系列蒸发成果模拟和插补的能力.

Evaporation is an important part of hydrological cycle. The main meteorological factors affecting evaporation vary with time and space. Based on the monitoring results of duration of sunshine,wind speed,temperature,humidity,and evaporation,and that the paper discussed main meteorological factors affecting the evaporation by using the methods of grey relational analysis and principal component analysis,and the simulation of evaporation by using the main meteorological factors. The results show that:the main meteorological factors affecting the evaporation change are different with time scales. On monthly and annual scales,the main meteorological factors affecting the evaporation change process are sunshine hours,temperature and wind speed. On the diurnal scale,the influence degree of each factor of evaporation is more uniform. The meteorological factors can reveal the main change process and future trends of evaporation,but did not able to simulate and interpolate the long series of evaporation.