乳腺叶状肿瘤病理学研究进展

Progress in pathological research of breast phyllodes tumor

乳腺叶状肿瘤(Phyllodes tumour,PT),是一种界限清楚的纤维上皮性肿瘤,组织学与管内型纤维腺瘤相似,其特征是双层的上皮成分沿裂隙排列,周围绕以细胞非常丰富的间质或间充质成分,形成复杂的叶状结构。目前WHO根据间质细胞的丰富程度、核分裂相、细胞异型性、间质过度生长及肿瘤边界或边缘的性质等组织学特征,将叶状肿瘤分为良性、交界性和恶性。大多数PT是良性的,但复发并不少见,并且少数病例尤其是恶性PT可以发生血行转移。近些年来,随着免疫组织化学和分子生物学手段的广泛应用,人们更加深入地认识了PT的病理特征,为此病的诊断、治疗及预后提供了必要的理论参考。本文将对乳腺叶状肿瘤病理学研究进展作一综述。

Phyllodes tumour(PT)is a well-defined fibroepithelial neoplasia with histology similar to intraductal fibroadenomas.It is characterized by a bilayer of epithelial components arranged along the fissures and surrounded by cells.The interstitial or mesenchymal components form a complex leaf-like structure.At present,WHO classifies phyllodes tumors into benign,borderline and malignant according to the histological characteristics of interstitial cell abundance,mitotic figures,cell atypia,interstitial overgrowth and tumor boundary or marginal properties.Most PTs are benign,but recurrence is not uncommon.And a small number of cases,especially malignant PT,can cause hematogenous metastasis.The extensive application of immunohistochemistry and molecular biology methods has enabled people to understand the characteristics of PT more deeply,and provided the necessary theoretical reference for the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of this disease.This article will review the progress in pathological research of breast phyllodes tumor.