创新政策效果评价:基于行业和区域层面的分析

Evaluation of Innovation Policy Effect: Analysis Based on Industrial and Regional Level

创新政策评价对深化我国创新驱动发展战略具有重要的现实意义。运用因子分析和主成分分析方法,利用国家统计局近44万家企业的创新调查数据,从11个行业和31个区域对9项创新政策进行了效果评价。结果表明:行业层面,创新政策对信息产业、制造业及科学研究和技术服务业影响较大,对金融业和批发零售业较不明显。区域层面,受创新政策影响较大的是辽宁、江苏、天津和安徽,影响较小的是海南、山西和新疆。不管从行业还是区域层面,创新政策全部具有正向影响,且正向影响最明显的政策均为税收优惠和减免政策。

The evaluation of innovation policy is of great practical significance for deepening China' s innovation-driven development strategy. This paper uses the combination of factor analysis and principal component analysis to evaluate the effect of 9 innovation policies from 11 industries and 31 regions by using the innovation survey data of nearly 440,000 enterprises of the national bureau of statistics. The results show that the innovation policy has great influence on information industry, manufacturing industry, scientific research and technical service industry, and has little influence on financial industry and wholesale and retail industry. At the regional level, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Tianjin and Anhui are more affected by innovation policies, while Hainan, Shanxi and Xinjiang are less affected. However, no matter from the industrial level or the regional level, the innovation policies all have a positive impact, and the policies with the most obvious positive impact are tax incentives and exemptions.