澳大利亚住房保障的供给侧改革和创新性实践

Supply-Side Reforms and Policy Innovations for Affordable Housing in Australia

与许多国家类似,澳大利亚也面临可负担住房供应不足的问题,而且这已经成为澳大利亚政府急需应对的重要挑战之一。在人口不断增加、新建保障性住房相对滞后且存量保障性住房持续折旧的背景下,澳大利亚的可负担住房缺口不断扩大。为缓解住房压力、解决可负担住房供应不足等问题,澳大利亚的住房政策开始改变过去只注重从需求侧进行补贴的做法,尝试通过政策创新,激励市场和非营利组织增加可负担住房的供应。作者梳理和分析了澳大利亚住房保障制度,以及联邦政府和各州级政府为应对住房问题在供给侧所做的改革和政策创新,并重点对部分州所实施的共有产权住房政策进行介绍,以期为完善中国的住房保障政策提供参考。

Australia is similar to many countries in that it is experiencing severe shortage of affordable housing-one of the most pressing policy challenges to the government. A huge gap between the supply and demand of affordable housing has been emerging over the years in Australia, as a result of continuous population growth, slow increase of new affordable housing, and degradation of the existing stock. In response to the housing problem, the housing policy in Australia has changed from the traditional demand-side-oriented intervention to innovative policies that encourage the private sector and Non-Profit Organizations to increase affordable housing supply. This paper outlines the policies and issues associated with affordable housing in Australia, with a focus on the innovative practices and reforms initiated by the federal and state governments. The shared equity housing scheme is discussed in the hope that the Australian experience may provide useful policy implications for affordable housing in China.