分析性视角下的工具状语句法类型——以藏缅语为例

Syntactic Types of the Instrumental Adverbials in Tibeto-Burman Languages: An Analytic Perspective

语言类型的差异,导致藏缅语工具状语标记在编码模式、功能分布上呈现出一定的个性差异。这些差异与语言自身所处的分析性特点是对应的,是分析性不同类型特征的具体表现。通过比较发现,藏语支、彝语支工具状语的句法手段是处于两个极端的“最简”模式,而羌语支、景颇语支、缅语支则处于分析性连续统上的中间环节。

The differences of language types lead to certain differences of individual languages in coding patterns as well as the function and distribution of instrumental adverbial markers in Tibeto-Burman languages.These differences are consistent with the analytic characteristics of each individual language,which are specific representations of typological characteristics of the different types along the analyticity scale of Tibeto-Burman languages.Through comparison,it is found that the syntactic devices of instrumental adverbials in languages of the Tibetan and Yi branches reflect the“simplest modes”on the two respective extremes of the analyticity scale,while languages of the Qiang,Jingpo and Burmish branches represent the intermediate types along the analyticity continuum.