婴儿肝移植高危门静脉的重建经验

Portal vein reconstruction in high risk infantile liver transplantation

目的探讨婴幼儿肝移植中门静脉重建经验,有效避免肝移植术后门静脉血流不足及门静脉并发症.方法回顾性分析上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院2018年1月至12月单个手术组所完成的共计152例1岁以内婴儿肝移植的临床数据,其中114例伴有高危因素的受者,施行了个体化的门静脉重建经验.所有114例高危受者均为胆汁淤积性疾病,106例(93%)诊断为胆道闭锁;共有42例(36%)受者具有2个或以上的风险因素.结果 106例受者(93%)接受了左外叶亲属活体供肝,8例接受了婴儿器官捐献来源供肝.根据受者门静脉风险程度我们采用了不同吻合方式,受者门静脉左右分叉吻合103例、门静脉自体补片整形3例、门静脉主干端端吻合5例以及受者门静脉主干/肠系膜上静脉(或冠状静脉)汇合部吻合3例;另外对供肝重量与受者体重比大于4.5%的16例受者进行了供肝减体积.在中位随访6.5个月(1.5~13个月)期间,发生门静脉低血流(LPVF)3例(2.6%),门静脉狭窄(PVS)2例(1.7%),门静脉栓塞(PVT)1例(0.8%).3例LPVF接受门静脉支架置入后顺利恢复,2例PVS接受抗凝治疗目前保持稳定,1例PVT接受再次手术取栓并置入支架后血流恢复.结论含高危因素婴幼儿肝移植时门静脉的重建需要更充分的风险因素评估、熟练精准的手术操作以及个体化的手术策略.对于少数难以避免的门静脉并发症,采用门静脉支架置入术是合理安全的选择.

Objective To explore the experience of infantile liver transplantation ,reconstructing portal vein (PV) and avoid the higher incidence of portal vein low flow and complications .Methods The clinical data were reviewed for 152 infantile liver transplantations performed by a single surgery group .And 114 cases with PV risk factors underwent customized PV reconstructions .All of them were diagnosed as cholestatic liver diseases and 106 (93%) belonged to biliary atresia .Forty-two cases (36%) had 2 or more risk factors .Results Most cases (n= 106 ,93%) underwent living donor transplantations using lateral left graft while another 8 cases had deceased donor transplantations . Four types of PV reconstructions were adopted based upon individual conditions :left/right branch of PV trunk (n= 103),autogenous patch PV venoplastic reconstruction (n= 3),duct-to-duct of PV trunk (n= 5) and donor PV duct-to-recipient confluence of SMV/CV and SV (n= 3).Graft size reduction was performed when GRWR > 4 .5%(n= 16).During a median follow-up period of 6 .5 (1 .5-13) months ,there were 3 LPVF (2 .6%),2PVS (1 .7%) and 1 PVT (0 .8%).Three LPVF cases was corrected by PV stenting ,two cases of PVS were stable after anticoagulation therapy while one PVT case undergoing thromboectomy plus PV stenting resumed a normal PV flow .Conclusions PV reconstruction of high-risk infants require comprehensive risk evaluations ,precise surgical skills and customized strategies .For PV complications ,stenting is both safe and feasible .