法国与南斯拉夫抵抗运动比较研究

Comparative Study of Resistance Movement between France and Yugoslavia

法国和南斯拉夫分别地处西欧和东南欧。虽然地理位置有异,但都是欧洲国家,在第二次世界大战期间均遭受纳粹德国的入侵和占领。两国人民在国内、在海外,在占领区和非占领区开展了反对纳粹占领的抵抗运动。法国抵抗运动兴起较早,中心是戴高乐在海外领导的自由法国运动。法国国内抵抗组织在他领导下,开展武装斗争。南斯拉夫抵抗运动的中坚力量是铁托领导的南共游击队,立足本土与法西斯占领者展开周旋。虽然在两国抵抗中运动都采取了游击战,但在战略策略、任务性质,抗战规模和所起作用等方面有很大不同。虽然二者都赢得了反法西斯的胜利,但结局却大相径庭。

France and Yugoslavia are located in Western Europe and Southeest Europe respectively. Although geographically different,they were all European countries.They suffered the invasion and occupation of Nazi Germany during the Second World War.The two peoples fought against the Nazi occupation in the occupied and non-occupied areas both in demostic and abroad.The establishmcnt of the French resistance movement was early,and its center was the free French movement which led by De Gaulle in London.Under the leadership of the French national resistance organization,the armed struggle was carried out.The backbone of Yugoslavia resistance movement is all Tito's partisans, based on local and fascist occupation expansion.Although the resistance movement in both countries adopted guerrilla warfare,the resistance movement between the two countries was very different in terms of strategy,mission,nature,scale and role of the war of resistance.Although the two won the anti-fascist victory,the outcomes are quite different.