塔式起重机回转平台有限元分析与试验验证

Structural analysis and test verification of rotary platform of tower crane

为了评估塔式起重机回转平台强度与刚度,本研究基于有限元板壳理论,建立了平头塔机回转平台上、下支座有限元模型,忽略回转支承滚珠与滚道之间的接触关系,采用实体交叉圆柱替代回转支承滚珠,对回转支承进行近似模拟。进行了回转平台模型试验,验证有限元分析参数设置准确性。结果表明:危险工况下回转平台应力都小于许用应力,整个结构是安全可靠的;围筒与筋板焊缝的应力随筋板安装角增加而增加;回转支承模拟圆柱直径对回转平台应力状态无明显影响;有限元结果与试验测试数据吻合良好,验证了有限元分析的可行性。

In order to evaluate the strength and rigidity of the tower crane rotary platform,based on the finite element plate and shell theory, the finite element model of the upper and lower support of the slewing platform was established. The contact relationship between the slewing bearing ball and the raceway was neglected. The slewing bearing ball was replaced by the solid cross short column, and the slewing bearing was approximated. The slewing platform model test was carried out to verify the accuracy of finite element analysis parameter setting. The results show that the stress of the rotating platform is less than the allowable stress under dangerous conditions, and the whole structure is safe and reliable. The stress of the weld between the casing and the ribs increases with the installation angle of the ribs. The stress state of the platform has no obvious influence;the finite element results agree well with the experimental test data, which verifies the feasibility of finite element analysis.