保乳术和改良根治术对年轻乳腺癌患者自我形象和焦虑的影响

Effects of Breast Conserving Surgery and Modified Radical Operation on the Self-image and Anxiety of Young Female Patients with Breast Cancer

目的了解保乳手术和改良根治性乳房切除术对年轻乳腺癌患者自我形象和焦虑的影响。方法选取于2017年8月—2019年2月在某三级甲等医院入院接受治疗的320例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,根据手术方法的不同把入选的研究对象分为保乳手术组和改良根治性乳房切除手术组,两组患者在治疗6个月前后均进行一般情况调查问卷、乳腺癌患者体像问卷(body image after breast cancer questionnaire-Chinese version,BIBCQ-C)及汉密尔顿焦虑评估量表(hamilton anxietyscale,HAMA)的调查,探讨不同的手术治疗方法对患者自我形象和焦虑的影响。结果保乳手术组和改良根治术组术后的身体图像得分和每个维度的得分均显著高于手术前,且改良组患者在手术后的羞耻感、身体关注和透视等方面得分显著高于保乳组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组的HAMA评分均显著高于术前,且保乳组的HAMA评分低于改良组(P<0.05)。结论年轻乳腺癌患者在接受保乳手术治疗后的患者术后自我形象水平和焦虑情况要显著优于改良根治术治疗的患者,研究结果表明对患者实施保乳术治疗可以提高患者的自我形象水平,改善焦虑情况。

Objective To discuss the effects of breast conserving surgery and modified radical operation on the self-image and anxiety of young female patients with breast cancer.Methods 320 cases of breast cancer patients admitted to our hospital from August 2017 to June 2018 were selected as research objects.Before receiving the surgical treatment,the selected subjects were divided into the breast conserving surgery group and the modified radical surgery group according to the random number table method.The two groups of patients adopted general questionnaire,BIBCQ-C and HAMA to investigate and analyze the effects of different surgical treatment methods on patients' self-image and anxiety before the corresponding surgical treatment and after 6 months.Results After receiving breast cancer surgery,the body image scores and all dimensions scores of the two groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment,patients in the modified group had significantly higher postoperative body shame,body concern and fluoroscopy scores than those in the conformal group.The difference was statistically significant( P <0.05).HAMA scores of the two groups were significantly higher than those before surgery,and the HAMA scores of the breast conserving group were lower than those of the improved group( P < 0.05).Conclusion Breast cancer patients after surgery have high levels of self-image and anxiety.Postoperative self-image of patients receiving breast conserving surgery is significantly better than that of patients receiving modified radical surgery.Breast conserving surgery is helpful to improve self-image and anxiety of breast cancer patients.