广西桂北地区健康体检人群常见慢性病发生及管理情况调查研究

Investigation on Occurrence and Management of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Healthy Physical Examination Population in North Guangxi Province

目的了解广西桂北地区城镇居民常见代谢性疾病(慢性病)发病情况及自我健康预防及维护情况。方法收集广西某三级甲等综合医院2014—2017年进行健康体检人群的资料,采用Excel 2003软件进行汇总对比分析,利用Origin 8.5软件制成统计图表。计数资料以单位为例,频率用百分数表示。结果近4年健康体检人群整体有所下降(约下降8000人次),但个检人群趋于平缓且人均健康体检费用逐年增长(约平均增长60元/人),重大阳性人群平均每年下降200人,其中高血糖(约下降11%)、高血脂人群(约下降2%)得到有效控制,疑似恶性肿瘤人群也下降约70人次,但高血压和肾病患者明显增多(分别约增长5%);对个检人群和占位性病变人群进行电话回访显示,约70%分检后会根据体检报告主动进行自我管理或进一步诊治。结论近年来,广西桂北地区居民疾病早期筛查投入逐年增长,疾病预防观念逐渐增强,糖尿病、高血脂等慢病得到有效控制,但心脑血管疾病及肾病发病风险有所增长,应加大健康宣传和教育的力度,提高居民健康管理水平,有效预防慢性病的发生。

Objective To investigate the incidence and management of common chronic diseases in urban residents in northern Guangxi.Methods Data of health examination population in our hospital from 2014 to 2017 were collected.The data was summarized using Excel 2003 and statistical analysis was performed using Origin 8.5 soft ware.Results In the past four years,the overall health examination population declined by about 8 000 person-times.However,the number of people in the check-up had been stable and the cost for physical examination had been increasing year by year,with an average increase of about 60 yuan/person.The number of major positive events had decreased by an average of 200 per year.The prevalence of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia had been effectively controlled,and the incidence rate decreased by approximately 11% and 2%,respectively.The number of suspected malignant tumors also decreased by approximately 70 person-times/year.However,the number of patients with hypertension and chronic kidney disease increased significantly.The incidence rate of both increased by approximately 5%.The results of telephone interview among health checkup populations and patients with space-occupying lesions showed that about 70% of the patients would take the initiative to conduct health management or seek further treatment after the physical examination.Conclusion In recent years,the input of early disease screening in residents of northern Guangxi has increased year by year,and people' s concept of disease prevention has gradually increased.Chronic diseases such as diabetes and hyperlipemia have been effectively controlled,but the risk of cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases has increased.In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of chronic diseases,health education awareness should be strengthened and the level of residents' health management should be improved.