腺样体肥大儿童父母焦虑现状调查及其影响因素分析

Investigation on the status quo of parents’ anxiety in adenoidal hypertrophy children and its influencing factors

目的调查腺样体肥大儿童父母的焦虑现状并分析其影响因素.方法采用一般资料问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、腺样体肥大儿童父母资讯需求问卷对2016年12月~2018年3月在耳鼻咽喉科住院拟行手术治疗的腺样体肥大儿童的父母共123名进行问卷调查.结果腺样体肥大儿童父母SAS总得分为(41.00±8.11)分,高于国内常模(t=5.153,P<0.01);焦虑检出率为13.0%,轻度焦虑者占9.8%.40岁以上父母的焦虑评分与其他组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同角色、职业、文化程度等不同特征的父母之间,焦虑评分均无显著差异(P>0.05).父母焦虑评分与疾病资讯需求总分呈正相关关系(r=0.247,P<0.01).多元逐步回归分析显示,疾病资讯需求总分、父母年龄是腺样体肥大儿童父母焦虑的影响因素.结论腺样体肥大儿童父母的焦虑情绪较白血病、恶性肿瘤、癫痫等患儿父母焦虑情绪轻,仅有少部分腺样体肥大儿童父母存在不同程度的焦虑,其焦虑情绪会受到疾病资讯需求程度和父母年龄的影响,宜进行针对性干预.

Objective To investigate the anxiety status of parents of children with adenoid hypertrophy and analyze the influencing factors. Methods A total of 123 parents of adenoidal hypertrophy children who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology from December 2016 to March 2018 were surveyed by the general data questionnaire, the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS), and the parental information needs questionnaire for children with adenoid hypertrophy. Results The total score of SAS in parents of adenoidal hypertrophy children was(41.00±8.11), which was higher than the domestic norm(t=5.153, P<0.01). The detection rate of anxiety was 13.0%, and the incidence of mild anxiety was 9.8%. The anxiety scores of parents over 40 years old were significantly different from those of other groups(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in anxiety scores between parents with different characteristics, occupations and education levels(P>0.05). Parental anxiety scores were positively correlated with the total score of disease information needs(r=0.247, P<0.01). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the total score of disease information needs and parental age were the influential factors of parental anxiety in children with adenoidal hypertrophy. Conclusion The anxiety of parents of children with adenoid hypertrophy is less than that of children with leukemia, malignant tumor and epilepsy. Only a small number of parents of adenoid hypertrophy children have different degrees of anxiety, and their anxiety will be affected by the level of information needs of the disease and the age of the parents. Targeted intervention should be appropriately done.