南北匈奴分裂前匈奴人口数量研究

Study on the Population of Xiongnu before the Divide of Xiongnu

匈奴的人口数量是匈奴史研究中的一个重要课题,但是囿于史料缺乏和计算方法的差异,学者历来对南北匈奴分裂前匈奴人口的数量看法不一。本文通过对匈奴人口数量计算方法的梳理,论证每户平均人口乘以户数、以汉郡人口推断匈奴人口、以二十四长所辖人口加上单于直辖人口这三种计算方法的局限性,提出正确的计算方法--以兵数除以兵民比例计算匈奴人口,并运用这一方法对南北匈奴分裂前的匈奴政权人口数量进行计算。

The Population of Xiongnu is an important issue in the history of Xionnu.Because of lack of records and difference in calculation methods,Scholars have always had different views on the number of Xiongnu before The divide of the South Xiongnu and North Xiongnu. This article starts with the calculation method of the population of Huns,point out these ways,such as Average number of people per household,surmise the population of Xiongnu by the population of cantons in Han,twenty four king and Population mastered by the Chanyu cannot calculating the population of the Xiongnu. Thus inferred the right method that quantity of troops divided by the proportion of troops and population. Then count the number of Population of Xiongnu before the divide of the South Xiongnu and North Xiongnu.