阿伦特论思维的抗恶意义

Arendt’s Theory on the Anti-evil Significance of Thinking

阿伦特认为,个人对极权主义的盲从是导致人的危机的根本原因。以艾希曼为代表的作恶之人,缺乏明确的作恶动机,犯下了“平庸”的罪恶。阿伦特从以艾希曼为代表的政治事件中,看到了缺乏思维能力与作恶之间的紧密关联,缺乏政治性的思维能力是产生“平庸的恶”的根本原因。个人的“平庸的恶”与极权主义的“极端的恶”,共同摧毁了人的自由和尊严。阿伦特指出,思维是我与自身的对话,是克服“平庸的恶”的方式,它能够通过反思经不起检验的规范、释放评判是非善恶的判断,来有效地抵抗罪恶。

Arendt believes that the individual's blind adherence to totalitarianism is the root cause of the human crisis.The evildoer represented by Eichmann, who had no clear motive for evil, committed the evil of "banality".From the political events represented by Eichmann, Arendt'sees the close correlation between lack of thinking ability and evil. Lack of political thinking is the root cause of "the banality of evil"."The banality of evil" of the individual and "the radical evil" of totalitarianism destroy human freedom and dignity together. Thinking, Arendt notes, is my way of talking to myself and the way of overcoming "the banality of evil". It can resist evil effectively by reflecting upon unexamined norms and releasing the judgment of right and wrong.