小胎龄早产儿宫外生长迟缓的高危因素分析

Analysis of Risk Factors for Extrauterine Growth Retardation in Preterm Infants of Low Gestational Age

目的:分析小胎龄早产儿宫外生长迟缓(EUGR)的高危因素。方法:选择150例小胎龄早产儿(胎龄≤32周),采用年龄别体质量Z评分法将早产儿分为宫外生长迟缓组(n=79)和宫外生长正常组(n=71),采用单因素方差分析方法比较2组早产儿宫外生长性别、胎龄、宫内生长受限情况、出生时体质量、是否发生呼吸窘迫综合症、住院时间、喂养是否耐受及感染指标,将有差异的指标纳入多因素Logistics线性回归模型分析导致小胎龄早产儿宫外生长迟缓的高危因素。结果:单因素分析结果显示,性别、胎龄、宫内生长受限情况、出生时体质量、是否发生呼吸窘迫综合征、住院时间、喂养耐受及感染对小胎龄早产儿宫外生长迟缓的影响具有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistics线性回归分析发现,各因素对小胎龄早产儿宫外生长迟缓影响从大到小依次为出生时体质量(OR=2.696)、呼吸窘迫综合征(OR=2.678)、住院时间(OR=2.513)、胎龄(OR=2.486)、喂养不耐受(OR=2.427)、感染(OR=2.418)、宫内生长受限(OR=2.308)。结论:小胎龄早产儿发生宫外生长迟缓受胎龄、宫内生长受限、出生时体质量、呼吸窘迫综合征、住院时间、喂养不耐受及感染等因素的影响。

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of EUGR in premature infants of low gestational age.Methods:150 cases of low gestational age infants(≤32 weeks)were selected,age and body mass Z score method was used to divide them into palace growth retardation group(n=79)and the palace growth normal group(n=71).Following data was analyzed:gender,gestational age,intrauterine growth restriction condition,the birth body mass,the occurrence of respiratory distress syndrome,length of hospital stay,feeding tolerance and infections on extrauterine growth retardation in preterm infants.Results:The results of univariate analysis showed that gender,gestational age,intrauterine growth restriction,birth body mass,whether or not with respiratory distress syndrome,length of hospitalization,feeding tolerance and infection had statistically significance on extrauterine growth retardation of preterm infants of low gestational age(P<0.05).Logistic linear regression analysis showed that the most influencing effects of various factors on extrauterine growth retardation of preterm infants of low gestational age in descending order is:body mass at birth(OR=2.696),respiratory distress syndrome(OR=2.678),length of stay in hospital(OR=2.513),gestational age(OR=2.486),feeding intolerance(OR=2.427),infection(OR=2.418),intrauterine growth restriction(OR=2.308).Conclusion:The extrauterine growth retardation in preterm infants of low gestational age are susceptible to influence factors such as gestational age,intrauterine growth restriction,body mass at birth,respiratory distress syndrome,hospitalization time,feeding intolerance and infection.