妊娠晚期孕妇心理弹性与焦虑的相关性研究

Study on the relationship between psychological elasticity and anxiety of pregnant women in late pregnancy

目的:调查妊娠晚期孕妇心理弹性及焦虑状况,探讨妊娠晚期孕妇心理弹性与焦虑的相关性。方法:采用心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)对253例妊娠晚期孕妇进行问卷调查。结果:妊娠晚期孕妇的心理弹性得分为38~94(65.21±11.08)分,坚韧、力量、乐观维度得分分别为16~52(31.40±6.93)分、13~32(22.99±3.80)分、5~16(10.83±2.01)分。妊娠晚期孕妇的焦虑得分为26~70(44.64±8.91)分,46(18.2%)例孕妇处于轻度焦虑,15(5.9%)例孕妇处于中度焦虑,2(0.8%)例孕妇处于重度焦虑。妊娠晚期孕妇的心理弹性和焦虑程度呈负相关(r=-0.573,P<0.001),坚韧维度和焦虑程度呈负相关(r=-0.491,P<0.001),力量维度和焦虑程度呈负相关(r=-0.365,P<0.001),乐观维度和焦虑程度无相关关系(r=-0.164,P=0.09)。妊娠晚期孕妇的焦虑程度与心理弹性、妊娠期合并症及并发症、不良孕产史有线性回归关系。结论:孕妇的心理弹性能够影响妊娠晚期的焦虑程度,可从提高孕妇心理弹性水平的角度改善妊娠晚期孕妇的心理健康状况。

Objective:To investigate the status of psychological elasticity and anxiety of pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy and to explore the correlation between them.Methods:253 pregnant women in the third trimester were surveyed by Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC)and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS).Results:The psychological elasticity score of pregnant women was 38 to 94(65.21±11.08),and the scores of tenacity,strength,and optimism were 16 to 52(31.40±6.93),13 to 32(22.99±3.80),and 5 to16(10.83±2.01).The anxiety score for pregnant women was 26 to 70(44.64±8.91),46(18.2%)pregnant women were in mild anxiety,15(5.9%)pregnant women were moderately anxious,and 2(0.8%)pregnant women were severe anxiety.There was a significant negative correlation between psychological elasticity and anxiety in pregnant women during the third trimester(r=-0.573,P<0.001),a significant negative correlation between tenacity dimension and anxiety(r=-0.491,P<0.001),a significant negative correlation between strength dimensions and anxiety(r=-0.365,P<0.001),and there was no correlation between optimistic dimensions and anxiety(r=-0.164,P=0.009).The degree of anxiety in pregnant women during the third trimester was linearly related to psychological flexibility,pregnancy complications and complications,and adverse pregnancy history.Conclusion:The psychological flexibility of pregnant women can significantly affect the degree of anxiety during the third trimester of pregnancy.It can improve the mental health of pregnant women from the perspective of improving the level of psychological flexibility of pregnant women.