体外肝脏灌注技术研究现状及展望

Research status and prospect of extracorporeal liver perfusion technology

急性肝衰竭病死率高,肝移植是唯一有效的治疗方法,但由于肝源短缺,迫切需要有效的等待肝源或肝自我再生期间的“桥接治疗”技术。体外肝脏灌注技术作为生物人工肝的一种类型,被寄望于能够暂时替代体内衰竭的肝脏,延长患者生命,从20世纪50年代至今不断有学者对其进行研究改进,随着新材料、新技术以及基因编辑工程的发展,近年来呈现新的研究热潮。该文对体外肝脏灌注的研究历史、现状以及面临的问题进行综述,并对未来发展方向进行进一步展望。

Liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for acute liver failure which has a high mortality.However,due to the shortage of liver source,there is an urgent need for“bridge therapy”during the waiting list or liver self-regeneration.As a type of bioartificial liver,extracorporeal liver perfusion(ECLP)is expected to temporarily replace the failing livers in vivo and prolong the patients′life.Since the 1950s,scholars have been studying and improving the technique of ECLP.With the development of new materials,new technologies and gene editing engineering,there has been a new upsurge of ECLP research in recent years.This article reviews the history,current situation and problems of ECLP,and discusses the future research direction in this field.