苏轼诗歌中的比较思维与主体精神的强化

The Comparative Thinking and the Strengthening of Subjective Spirit in Su Shi’s Poems

苏轼诗歌中有不少作品以“我”入诗,表现了宋人对独立意识和主体精神的推崇。而通过与其他人物对象进行比较来进一步强化诗人的主体精神,则成为苏轼诗歌的重要特点。其比较方式也极为多样:双向比较,丰富了诗人主体精神的表现内涵,增加了诗歌表情达意的深度,扩充了诗歌表现的张力;转换比较,呈现了诗人主体认知的过程性变化,显示出首尾开阖的章法结构;隐性比较,含蓄蕴藉地表现了诗人的内心诉求,在诗歌技法上更为高妙。同时,苏轼还能在比较中冲破现实的桎梏,为自己或友人寻找到心灵的慰藉和出路,体现了宋人通达的人生态度。

Su Shi had used “I” in many of his poems, which showed people s admiration for independent consciousness and subjective spirit in the Song dynasty.A major feature of Su Shi's poems is the further strengthening of his subjective spirit by comparing himself with others.The ways of his comparison were also diverse.The bidirectional comparison enriched the connotation of the poet's subjective spirit, deepened the expression of his poems, and expanded the tension of poetic expression.The conversion comparison showed the procedural changes of the poet s subjective cognition, forming a logical composition structure, in which the end of a poem echoed with its beginning.The implicit comparison expressed the poet's inner appeal by implicit ways and formed an ingenious poetry technique.Meanwhile, in the comparisons, Su Shi could break through the shackles of the reality, finding comfort and a wayout for the souls of his and his friends’, which reflected the reasonable and sensible attitude of people in the Song dynasty.