脑性瘫痪儿童高危因素及头颅磁共振特点分析

Analysis of high risk factors and brain magnetic resonance features in children with cerebral palsy

目的分析脑性瘫痪(简称脑瘫)的高危因素,为脑瘫的预防和早期干预提供依据。方法 选择2016年1月至2018年12月我院住院治疗的208例脑瘫患儿的孕产期高危因素以及磁共振检查结果,分析脑瘫高危因素和磁共振表现的特点。结果 高危因素按照占比排名前十的依次为:早产、低出生体质量、缺氧缺血性脑病、双胎、新生儿胆红素脑病、颅内出血、保胎、母亲高龄、试管婴儿、孕期妊高症。头颅磁共振早产儿更多表现为脑室旁白质软化,而足月儿更多表现为脑软化灶、先天性脑发育畸形以及脑发育不良,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 应针对脑瘫高危因素,制定针对性的产前及产后的干预措施,预防脑瘫的发生。

Objective To analyze the high risk factors of cerebral palsy in order to provide evidence for prevention and early intervention of cerebral palsy. Methods Totally 208 children with cerebral palsy, who were treated in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2018, were analyzed based on the high risk factors of cerebral palsy during pregnancy and childbirth and the results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The characteristics of MRI findings and high risk factors were analyzed. Results The high risk factors were in turn preterm birth, low birth weight, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, twins, neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy, intracranial hemorrhage, fetal preservation, old mothers, test tube infants, and pregnancy-induced hypertension during pregnancy. Brain MRI is more likely to show paraventricular leukomalacia in premature infants, and encephalomalacia, congenital cerebral malformations and brain dysplasia in full-term infants, the difference being statistically significant( P <0.05). Conclusion The intervention measures should be formulated according to the high risk factors of cerebral palsy to prevent the occurrence of cerebral palsy.