七类常见抗菌药耐药机制及耐药基因国内流行现状

Resistance Mechanism of Animal-derived Bacteria to Seven Antibiotics and Prevalence Status of Drug-resistant Genes in China

为了解动物源细菌的抗菌耐药情况,加强耐药性的监测与控制,针对常见的七大类抗菌药物,阐述了它们的耐药机制以及耐药基因的国内流行现状。有研究显示:动物源细菌对各类抗菌药均有不同程度的耐药,且耐药基因种类繁多、分布广泛;流行率和检测率较高的耐药基因多数能在质粒、整合子、转座子等移动元件上被检出,并以水平传播的方式扩散;同一质粒上检测出数种耐药基因,这些质粒是细菌产生多重耐药现象的重要原因。本文对监管部门出台相应控制方案提供了理论依据。

In order to recognize the antimicrobial resistance of animal-derived bacteria,and to strengthen the monitoring and control over them,in view of seven common antibiotics in China,the resistance mechanism and prevalence status of drug-resistant genes were stated. According to the published researches,it was showed that the common animal-derived bacteria were resistant to all kinds of antibiotics to different extent,and drug-resistant genes were distributed widely with many types;most drug-resistant genes with higher prevalence and detection rate could be detected in mobile elements including plasmids,integrons and transposons,and spread horizontally. Several resistance genes were detected in the same plasmid that caused bacteria to produce multiple resistance. Therefore,some references were provided for regulatory authorities for formulating corresponding control programs.