家庭积累动力不足与集中连片式贫困——以“市场—村庄—农民”的三维框架为视角

Insufficient Motivation of Family Accumulation and Poverty in Contiguous Areas: From the Perspective of the Market-Village-Farmer Framework

与中西部其他农村地区主要因病因残导致家庭劳动力残缺而形成个别性贫困不同,我国武陵山区S县却呈现为一种集中连片式贫困。文章认为,在外部自然条件极大改善,且全国统一的劳动力市场已形成后,家庭积累动力不足是当地集中连片式贫困的内在机制。其具体表现为在劳动投入上不追求家庭收入的最大化,而在家庭支出上则采取挣多少花多少的即时性消费行为。研究进一步提出通过"市场-村庄-农民"的三维理论框架解释农民与市场关系呈现出的区域差异,以及本地农民家庭积累动力不足的发生机制,从而为新时代我国贫困治理与精准扶贫政策的执行提供启发。

Unlike other rural areas in central and western China where poverty is sporadic which mainly results from the lack of family labor due to illness and disability, S County in the Wuling Mountains suffers poverty in contiguous areas. With the great improvement of external natural conditions and the formation of a national labor market, the lack of motivation for family accumulation gradually becomes the internal mechanism of poverty in local contiguous areas. Particularly, such a mechanism is manifested through families' unwillingness to maximize their household incomes through labor input and the preference to immediate consumption in household expenditure. By proposing a theoretical market-village-farmer framework, this study aims to explain the regional differences in the relationship between farmers and the market as well as the mechanism of insufficient motivation for family accumulation among local farmers. It also provides some insights and suggestions for the implementation of poverty governance and targeted poverty alleviation policies in China in the new era.