中国分享经济组织的分类与比较研究

Research on the Classifications of Chinese Sharing Economy Organizations

分享经济依托互联网信息技术而迅速发展成为一种新兴的经济模式。分享经济也是一种组织模式,能够有效整合双边市场资源与需求,实现组织绩效。虽然经济管理领域对分享经济的研究已经成为热点,但是从企业组织理论视角出发对分享经济的研究十分不足,对中国分享经济的研究更是匮乏。文章基于横向交易市场的理论框架,运用类型学分类研究方法,收集并分析了中国126个案例企业相关数据,试图回答如何界定中国分享经济组织分类的问题。研究结果发现,中国分享经济组织类型主要集中在"交易中心型"和"用户匹配型"两类,呈现出与国外不同的高"平台中介性"和低"社会性"特点。文章最后还比较分析了中国分享经济组织形成的原因和发展趋势。

Relying on internet technology as a tool, the sharing economy has rapidly developed into an emerging economic model. The sharing economy is also an organizational form that can effectively integrate bilateral market resources and needs to achieve organizational performance. Currently, research on the sharing economy in the field of management has become a hot topic, but research from the perspective of the organization theory is insufficient, and research on the Chinese sharing economy is even scarce. This study attempts to answer the question of how to define the classification of Chinese sharing economy organizations, based on the ideal type theory of lateral exchange markets. The typological classification research method is used to collect data of 126 local Chinese enterprises for the analysis. Research results show that the types of Chinese sharing economy organizations are relatively concentrated in the "hubs centralize and standardize service flows" type and the "matchmakers pair actors" type, showing a high "extent of platform intermediation" and a low "extent of consociality". Finally, the reasons for the formation and development trends of Chinese sharing economy organizations are analyzed.